In some of the hardest hit areas, particularly in coastal communities in Leyte province and the southern tip of Eastern Samar, the storm knocked out power, telecommunications, and water supplies. The humanitarian relief operation was initially hampered by a number of significant obstacles, including a general lack of transportation, extremely limited communications systems, damaged infrastructure, and seriously disrupted government services. Despite the physical and logistical challenges, regular relief activities reportedly reached most of the worst-stricken areas within two weeks of the storm.
Two and a half months after the typhoon struck, United Nations U. Estimates of the number killed had risen to 6, with more than 1, missing. The number of injured was unknown. In addition, assessments revealed that an estimated 1. Ongoing humanitarian relief operations and recovery efforts are being led by the Philippine government.
The United Nations, along with other partners, including the United States, remains at the forefront of the on-the-ground response. Apart from U. At their peak, 66 U. More than two months after the storm, humanitarian assistance is still required in some affected areas, particularly food, clean water, shelter, and basic health care.
The U. The United States and the Philippines maintain close ties stemming from the U. Other pillars of the bilateral relationship include shared democratic values and extensive people-to-people contacts. The involvement of U. Congressional concerns related to the storm and its aftermath include the short-term U. This report will be updated as events warrant. For background on how the U.
Humanitarian Assistance Response Mechanisms. Over a 16 hour period, the "super typhoon," with a force equivalent to a Category 5 hurricane and sustained winds of up to mph, directly swept through six provinces in the central Philippines.
In the early morning of Friday, November 8, , Typhoon Haiyan known in the Philippines as Yolanda , one of the strongest typhoons to strike land on record, slammed into the central Visayas region. Many of those displaced were moved to evacuation centers. The speed of the storm as well as advance warning prevented greater flooding and may have saved many lives.
However, in some of the hardest hit areas, particularly in coastal communities in eastern and western Leyte province and the southern tip of Eastern Samar, there appears to have been little defense against Haiyan's wrath. Downed trees and other debris blocked roads. Airports, vital links to the rest of the archipelagic country, were damaged. Furthermore, decentralized government authority, a shortage of available government workers, looting, and heavy rains delayed some relief efforts.
The typhoon was the deadliest natural disaster ever recorded in the Philippines. Within a few days of the typhoon, the Philippine government reported that an estimated The government also reported that , people were evacuated in advance of the disaster. The city of Tacloban population , , capital of Leyte province, was one of the hardest hit places and the scene of the most concentrated destruction and death.
Thousands of Tacloban residents reportedly drowned in a "two-story-high" storm surge, including people seeking safety in a sports stadium that served as a shelter.
See Figure 3 , Figure 4 , and Figure 5. Figure 1. The estimated number of dead and missing is often fluid and subject to change in the days, weeks, and months following a natural disaster, particularly one on the scale of Typhoon Haiyan Yolanda.
Two and a half months after the typhoon struck, based on figures provided by the Philippine government, the U. In addition, assessments revealed that nearly 5. Steady population increases in disaster-prone areas, combined with a geography consisting of islands and poor infrastructure, make the Philippines vulnerable to humanitarian crises. An average of 20 major storms batter the country each year.
In , Typhoon Bopha Pablo struck the southern island of Mindanao, leaving nearly 2, people dead or missing. On the island of Bohol, a 7. Until Haiyan, the country's most destructive typhoon was Tropical Storm Thelma Uring of , which killed over 5, people in the Visayas region.
Source: Graphic created by CRS. Boundaries and cities generated by [author name scrubbed] using data from Department of State, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Agency, and Esri all According to many observers, U. Some Philippine leaders and political commentators argue that the U. On November 10, , President Obama made a statement expressing sympathy and support to the people of the Philippines. Ambassador to the Philippines, Philip Goldberg, so that he could help coordinate U.
Kerry had cancelled a trip to Manila in October due to tropical storm Nari. Members of Congress were among the first U. Representative Chris Smith led a congressional delegation to Leyte province on November 25, Members circulated "Dear Colleague" letters including those calling for assistance to remote areas affected by the disaster and protection for vulnerable Filipina women and children. In general, experts divide relief operations into several phases: search and rescue; treatment and survival; relocation and rehabilitation; early recovery; and long-term reconstruction.
As with any significant natural disaster that has many moving parts, it can take days and sometimes weeks to get a relief effort underway.
Delays in transportation and congestion, lack of transportation infrastructure, bureaucratic problems, and lack of access all can cause bottlenecks at key points in the system. While timing is critical to save lives, a relief effort of this size requires the coordination of assessments and appropriate responses with the government, local communities, and the international community to function efficiently. The humanitarian relief operation, led by the Philippine government, was initially hampered by a number of significant challenges, not unusual in a disaster of this magnitude, including a general lack of transportation, extremely limited communications systems, and damaged infrastructure.
Although aid personnel and humanitarian supplies arrived within days in many of the affected areas, there were challenges getting food and relief commodities to some of the more remote locations. Despite the physical and logistical challenges facing the relief effort, regular relief activities reportedly reached most of the worst-stricken areas within two weeks of the storm.
In-depth assessments, necessary to obtain a better understanding of the situation on the ground, were conducted and are ongoing. Overall aid delivery to affected areas has been mobilized and sustained. By mid-December, a little more than one month after the typhoon struck, immediate, life-saving efforts in general began to shift more towards early recovery programming and the development of plans for longer-term recovery and reconstruction.
However, affected areas were impacted by the heavy rains and strong winds associated with Tropical Depression Agaton from January , The impact of the storm exposed ongoing vulnerabilities of those affected by Typhoon Haiyan. The DSWD and its field offices coordinate relief efforts on the ground. The Department of Foreign Affairs serves as the first point of contact for countries and international organizations wishing to provide assistance.
Taking the lead on the disaster response, the Philippine government formed a high-level national taskforce to ensure fast track transition from relief efforts to the rehabilitation and rebuilding of affected areas.
In response to widespread fears about government corruption, the Aquino administration launched a web portal that allows the public to track international disaster funds, the Foreign Aid Transparency Hub FAITH. The government has launched an effort to provide temporary housing— "bunkhouses" have been built or planned so far—for people living in tent cities, particularly for those who formerly lived closed to the sea and are not allowed to return due to the risk of future storm surges.
Each bunkhouse consists of 24 rooms one room per family and common kitchen and bath areas. The homes lack electricity and running water.
International aid agencies have criticized them for not meeting international standards. In January , the government announced that it would build 60, permanent housing units over a two-year period. On November 9, , U. Charge d'Affaires Brian L. Goldbeck issued a disaster declaration, and the U. Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel directed the U. Pacific Command to deploy rescue teams, dispatch helicopters for airlifts, and conduct other relief efforts.
Embassy in the Philippines, the Philippine government, and the international community. On December 18, , the DARTs transitioned to a field office as the emergency phase of the response began to shift to early recovery. OFDA will maintain an ongoing presence in the Philippines for now to coordinate ongoing humanitarian activities. The State Department set up a Crisis Response Task Force to help monitor developments, facilitate coordination with other agencies as needed, and respond to inquiries from concerned Americans.
Embassy in Manila provided a center for coordination and communication among other U. DOD's initial response to Typhoon Haiyan was greatly facilitated by the advanced warning of the storm as well as naval, air, and Marine Corps assets either visiting or stationed in mainland Japan and the Japanese island of Okinawa.
Nearly 1, U. Marines who were deployed ashore assisted with road clearance and with the distribution of humanitarian assistance. The Marines concentrated their efforts in the Guiuan, Eastern Samar, area which was the hub for supply transport and focused their remaining efforts south of Tacloban in the Leyte Gulf area.
On November 24, , DOD officials announced it would begin to transition all of its relief efforts to the Philippine government and that JTF would stand down on December 1, Also, over 1, flights were completed in support of the relief efforts for Operation Damayan delivering to approximately sites. This aid involved the use of military ships, transport planes, and helicopters.
International military personnel provided disaster relief and helped distribute medical supplies, drinking water, and food. China, which had been criticized for providing too little assistance and being slow to respond, sent a naval hospital ship, the Peace Ark , to the Philippines on November Within a few days of the typhoon, U.
The international community typically provides significant humanitarian assistance in response to major disasters and their ongoing impact. With the U. Humanitarian relief sectors are typically established during humanitarian crises to enable the United Nations to coordinate partners, prioritize resources, and facilitate planning. In the Philippines, as with other disasters, response activities were organized into 12 relief sectors or "clusters" led by various agencies.
The United Nations, along with other partners, including the United States, has a strong relationship with the Philippines, and remains at the forefront of the current on-the-ground response for humanitarian assistance and early recovery.
International recovery efforts are typically complex because they require coordination among numerous actors and international entities. In the current crisis, apart from U. The HCT, in partnership with 14 U. The SRP covers municipalities in 14 provinces and 4 regions, where it is estimated that over 14 million people were affected by the typhoon.
The overall humanitarian and early recovery priorities and objectives identified by the HCT are listed below, but the implementation of the projects is expected be guided by location and caseload.
The SRP covers 12 months from the date of the disaster. The plan targets up to 3 million people under any one relief cluster. The government has identified three consecutive phases of the response: 1 critical humanitarian needs to June ; 2 short-term investments July to December ; and 3 medium-term, longer-term investments January December The SRP covers the response through the first two phases. A Post-Disaster Needs Assessment is planned starting in early , which will help inform the way forward on phases 2 and 3.
A number of international actors are providing relief to the Philippines, either through financial contributions to the government or aid organizations or by directly providing relief supplies and emergency personnel. Additional pledges and contributions have also been made outside the appeal. A number of countries, including the U. As of January 31, , the U. Other pillars of the bilateral bond include shared democratic values and people-to-people contacts.
Filipino Americans number approximately 4 million, making them the second-largest Asian American population, and comprise the largest foreign-born group in the U. Armed Forces. An estimated , Americans live in the Philippines. The two major ones are the Balikatan Shoulder to Shoulder exercises and the U. Both of these programs include large humanitarian components. In addition, U.
DOD officials stated that the U. No injuries or damage to them were reported. The bilateral security relationship has gained prominence as a key link in the U. Since , U. Since August , the two sides have been negotiating a framework agreement for the increased U. The Philippines, regarded by Washington as a partner in maintaining regional security, is one of the largest recipients of U. In the past decade, over half of U. See Table 1. Table 1. This table does not include food aid and MCC funding.
The Philippines is a lower middle income country with an estimated population of million—Southeast Asia's second largest. Once one of the wealthiest nations in Southeast Asia, it had been considered one of the region's economic laggards since the s, due in large part to widespread corruption and poor governance.
However, in the past three years, the Philippines had emerged as one of Asia's strongest economies. The 7. The Philippines' overall growth represents a strong resurgence for a country that had been a recipient of IMF loans beginning in , due to fiscal crises in the s and the economic vulnerabilities exposed by the Asian financial crisis in the s. Many Philippine observers felt it was symbolically important that the country became an IMF creditor in , contributing to multilateral loans to Europe.
Analysts note that the Philippines, like many Southeast Asian nations, has benefitted from substantial investment inflows over the past three years, but this raises the risks that the trend could reverse, with private capital outflows possibly arising from the typhoon or for other reasons, such as the possible tightening of U. The areas damaged by Haiyan are some of the poorest parts of the Philippines, many of them dominated by agricultural and fishing industries, with some tourist destinations also severely harmed by the storm.
Damage to other crops, such as sugar cane, coconut, and pineapple, is likely to have considerable impacts on livelihoods in the Visayas region.
The Philippine government has sought temporary trade arrangements with export markets such as the United States that would allow duty-free access for a limited number of products coming from affected areas. The Philippines' economy is forecast to expand by 6. Economists also note that once reconstruction efforts begin, construction spending is likely to spur growth. Furthermore, the storm's drag on the economy may be only slightly greater than the effects of other natural disasters in recent years.
PNA photo by Christine Cudis. MANILA -- An interactive degree video of the coastal village that was hit by Super Typhoon Yolanda international name Haiyan six years ago is the centerpiece of a non-government organization's exhibit in Makati City. VRTY chief executive officer Kingston Lee-Young aims to promote education and awareness through virtual reality VR among Filipinos by providing his company's innovative technology for the exhibit free-of-charge.
Visitors will use VR headsets provided at the exhibit space. They can also choose to watch the video in degree view via computers displayed at the setup. PFD founder Makoi Popioco also shared that some photos taken by children living in the site were incorporated in the video. It is a brilliant way to educate them and at the same time, learn from their perspectives," he said in an interview during the media launch.
The next leg of the exhibit will be staged at the De La Salle University campus to reach more of the younger demographic. And we also hope that they would feel empathetic towards them especially that these people are the ones who suffer most when it comes to pressing issues like climate change," Lee-Young added.
0コメント