Inflammation of the arteries giant cell arteritis may also increase your risk of aortic dissection. You can reduce your risk of an aortic dissection by preventing chest injury and taking steps to keep your heart healthy. Work with your doctor. If you have a family history of aortic dissection, a connective tissue disorder or a bicuspid aortic valve, tell your doctor.
If you have an aortic aneurysm, find out how often you need monitoring and if surgery is necessary to repair your aneurysm. If you have a genetic condition that increases your risk of aortic dissection, your doctor may recommend medications, even if your blood pressure is normal.
Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection Open pop-up dialog box Close. Aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection An aortic aneurysm occurs when a weak spot in the wall of the aorta begins to bulge, as shown in the image on the left. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic.
Share on: Facebook Twitter. Clinical features and diagnosis of acute aortic dissection. Accessed May 11, Management of acute aortic dissection.
Thoracic aortic aneurysm adult. Mayo Clinic; Ferri FF. Aortic dissection. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor If the heart arteries are involved, a coronary bypass is also performed. Aortic dissection is life threatening. The condition can be managed with surgery if it is done before the aorta ruptures.
Less than one half of people with a ruptured aorta survive. Those who survive will need lifelong, aggressive treatment of high blood pressure. They will need to be followed up with CT scans every few months to monitor the aorta.
Aortic dissection may decrease or stop the blood flow to many different parts of the body. This may result in short-term or long-term problems, or damage to the:. If you have symptoms of an aortic dissection or severe chest pain, call or your local emergency number, or go to the emergency room as quickly as possible.
Aortic aneurysm - dissecting; Chest pain - aortic dissection; Thoracic aortic aneurysm - dissection. Braverman AC, Schermerhorn M. Diseases of the aorta. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; chap Aortic dissection: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and medical and surgical management. Rutherford's Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy.
Lederle FA. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Editorial team. Aortic dissection. When a tear occurs, it creates 2 channels: One in which blood continues to travel Another where blood stays still If the channel with non-traveling blood gets bigger, it can push on other branches of the aorta.
The exact cause is unknown, but more common risks include: Aging Atherosclerosis Blunt trauma to the chest, such as hitting the steering wheel of a car during an accident High blood pressure Other risk factors and conditions linked to aortic dissection include: Bicuspid aortic valve Coarctation narrowing of the aorta Connective tissue disorders such as Marfan syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and rare genetic disorders Heart surgery or procedures Pregnancy Swelling of the blood vessels due to conditions such as arteritis and syphilis Aortic dissection occurs in about 2 out of every 10, people.
Pain can be described as sharp, stabbing, tearing, or ripping. It is felt below the chest bone, and then moves under the shoulder blades or to the back.
Pain can move to the shoulder, neck, arm, jaw, abdomen, or hips. The pain changes position, often moving to the arms and legs as the aortic dissection gets worse. Symptoms are caused by a decrease of blood flowing to the rest of the body, and can include: Anxiety and a feeling of doom Fainting or dizziness Heavy sweating clammy skin Nausea and vomiting Pale skin pallor Rapid, weak pulse Shortness of breath and trouble breathing when lying flat orthopnea Other symptoms may include: Pain in the abdomen Stroke symptoms Swallowing difficulties from pressure on the esophagus.
Exams and Tests. The exam may find: A "blowing" murmur over the aorta, heart murmur, or other abnormal sound A difference in blood pressure between the right and left arms, or between the arms and legs Low blood pressure Signs resembling a heart attack Signs of shock , but with normal blood pressure Aortic dissection or aortic aneurysm may be seen on: Aortic angiography Chest x-ray Chest MRI CT scan of chest with dye Doppler ultrasonography occasionally performed Echocardiogram Transesophageal echocardiogram TEE Blood work to rule out a heart attack is needed.
Aortic dissection is a life-threatening condition and needs to be treated right away. Dissections that occur in the part of the aorta that is leaving the heart ascending are treated with surgery.
Dissections that occur in other parts of the aorta descending may be managed with surgery or medicines. Two techniques may be used for surgery: Standard, open surgery.
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